The Montana History Museum was founded in 1951. The collection includes many valuable exhibits related to the extraordinary history of Montana and the region. In 1991, it became a historical museum.

The museum has several departments: "Immovable cultural monuments", "New History", "History of Bulgaria 14-19 centuries", "Ethnography" and "Archaeology".

The museum's collection contains findings from the Eneolithic, which is also the oldest period of existence of the settlement on the site of today's city. There is a large number of objects from the Thracian period in this area that have remained to this day. The museum displays richly decorated pottery and war equipment from the Late Iron Age.

One of the most valuable exhibits of the museum in Montana is the Jakimo’s treasure. It was founded in 1972 and consists of kangaroos, four bowls, two large bracelets with snake heads on the ends, and several applications. 
There are are monuments displayed in the Lapidarium in the Pope's Garden. One of the most significant among them is the marble tablets, which contain inscriptions and are the only written sources from the period of Roman rule.

Part of the museum in Montana is Mihailov's house, which is the only preserved and restored house from the Renaissance, and the fortress of Castra ad Montanesium is located on Caleto hill and is very close to Montana.